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China's musical instruments have a long history. Some of them, such as the se and the sheng, date from at least the Warring States Period ( 475 -- 221 BC ). When you go to a concert of traditional Chinese music, you can look for these instruments. |
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di zi | 8-stop bamboo flute | |
| er hu | 2-stringed fiddle, with lower register | ||
| gu qin | 7-stringed zither | ||
| jing hu | 2-stringed fiddle, with higher register | ||
| pi pa | 4-stringed lute | ||
| san xian | 3-stringed guitar | ||
| se | 25-stringed zither | ||
| sheng | Chinese mouth organ | ||
| suo na | Chinese cornet ( woodwind ) | ||
| xiao | vertical bamboo flute | ||
| yang qin | dulcimer | ||
| yue qin | 4-stringed round mandolin | ||
| zheng | many-stringed zither |
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There are many local Chinese operas, each with its own colorful style of music, dance, and costume. The six major ones are described below. |
| Peking Opera: | Developed in the midnineteenth century when Peking was the capital of the Qing Dynasty, this opera's lively repertoire includes many stories about political and military struggles. |
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| Pingju Opera: | Popular in northeastern areas such as Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei, this is a lively and easy-to-understand folk opera. |
| Henan Opera: | The rustic tunes of this opera are popular in Henan, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, and Anhui Provinces. |
| Kunshan Opera: | With chear singing and gentle gestures, this is one of the oldest traditional operas in China. It originated in the Kunshan area of Jiangsu Province. |
| Shaoxing Opera: | The lyrical tunes of this opera originated from the folk song of Shengxian Country in Zhejiang Province. |
| Cantonese Opera: | This opera has rich musical instrumentation and is popular in Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Macao. |
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audience | guan zhong |
| Bravo! | Hao! | |
| Good shot! ( sports ) | Hao qiu! | |
| Faster! Go! ( sports ) | Jia you! | |
| ladies and gentlemen | n |
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| Please follow me. | Qing sui wo lai. | |
| ( ten )-minute intermission | xiu xi ( shi ) fen zhong | |
| The performance is now over. | Yan chu dao ci jie shu. | |
| The performance shall now begin. | Yan chu xian zai kai shi. | |
| Encore! | Zai lai yi ge! |