Musical Instruments

  China's musical instruments have a long history. Some of them, such as the se and the sheng, date from at least the Warring States Period ( 475 -- 221 BC ). When you go to a concert of traditional Chinese music, you can look for these instruments.

di zi 8-stop bamboo flute
er hu 2-stringed fiddle, with lower register
gu qin 7-stringed zither
jing hu 2-stringed fiddle, with higher register
pi pa 4-stringed lute
san xian 3-stringed guitar
se 25-stringed zither
sheng Chinese mouth organ
suo na Chinese cornet ( woodwind )
xiao vertical bamboo flute
yang qin dulcimer
yue qin 4-stringed round mandolin
zheng many-stringed zither
    Chinese Operas

  There are many local Chinese operas, each with its own colorful style of music, dance, and costume. The six major ones are described below.

Peking Opera:

Developed in the midnineteenth century when Peking was the capital of the Qing Dynasty, this opera's lively repertoire includes many stories about political and military struggles.

Pingju Opera:

Popular in northeastern areas such as Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei, this is a lively and easy-to-understand folk opera.

Henan Opera:

The rustic tunes of this opera are popular in Henan, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, and Anhui Provinces.

Kunshan Opera:

With chear singing and gentle gestures, this is one of the oldest traditional operas in China. It originated in the Kunshan area of Jiangsu Province.

Shaoxing Opera:

The lyrical tunes of this opera originated from the folk song of Shengxian Country in Zhejiang Province.

Cantonese Opera:

This opera has rich musical instrumentation and is popular in Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Macao.

    What You Will Hear

audience guan zhong
Bravo! Hao!
Good shot! ( sports ) Hao qiu!
Faster! Go! ( sports ) Jia you!
ladies and gentlemen n shi men, xian sheng men
Please follow me. Qing sui wo lai.
( ten )-minute intermission xiu xi ( shi ) fen zhong
The performance is now over. Yan chu dao ci jie shu.
The performance shall now begin. Yan chu xian zai kai shi.
Encore! Zai lai yi ge!